Forging Ingots for Pressure Vessels and Tube Sheets
Pressure vessel components are subject to statutory codes. Boiler and process vessel forgings in India fall under the Indian Boiler Regulations (IBR), and exports to Europe fall under the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED 2014/68/EU) and AD 2000 Merkblatt.
Typical components
- Tube sheets
- Nozzles and manways
- Shell rings
- Heads
- Heavy flanges
Recommended steel grades
ASTM A182 F22
A creep-resistant chrome-moly steel for forged flanges, fittings and valves operating at high temperature and pressure.
ASTM A182 F11
A chrome-moly grade for forged parts in elevated temperature service in power and process industries.
SAE 4130
A lower carbon chrome-moly steel with good weldability and strength, used in pressure and structural parts.
SAE 1045 / C45
A common medium carbon steel with good strength and machinability. Often used in the normalised or quenched and tempered condition.
SAE 4140
The American-designation counterpart of EN19 and 42CrMo4. Strong, tough and easy to heat treat.
Choosing the ingot
These forgings call for heavy ingots (M9 to M22) with vacuum degassing and complete traceability. Share the code (IBR, PED, AD 2000 or ASME) and the test requirements when you enquire.
Check the ingot size chart for available marks and weights, and read how to choose the right ingot size using the forging reduction ratio.